22:Cathedrals and Music of the Late Middle Ages

Required Reading:

* Chapter 14 "The Medieval Synthesis in Art," Text pp. 227-245

* Chapter 15 "Medieval Music: Sacred and Secular," Text pp. 244-257

Overview:

Study the pictures of Christian cathedrals all through the chapter. Look carefully at the interiors, exteriors and floor plans to get an idea of the "big picture." Romanesque (begun by Charlemagne)and Gothic cathedrals are some of the most beautiful edifices in the West and in the world. Illuminated manuscripts are another "Christian" art form that you should be familiar with (see pp. 220-221, 237). Also, study the examples of Gothic painting at the end of the chapter. Gothic art is very distinctive and a good place to begin getting a feel for the different styles of visual art that illustrate important periods of western culture. Read the chapter on medieval music, but do not be too concerned with understanding the musical notation. Obviously the best way to learn about and appreciate music is by listening NOT reading (be sure to pay attention in class when we do our listening.) .

Questions:

a. What is the key difference between a Romanesque and a Gothic arch?

b. What is a "flying buttress?"

c. What significance, if any, lies in the floor plan of these great cathedrals? Know and be able to identify the basic parts of a Gothic cathedral.

d. What is the "Bible in stone"?

On the NET:

The Digital Archive of Architecture has some good examples of Romanesque and Gothic buildings. It is a good site for somparing and understanding the difference between these two types.

A brief look at the cathedral and ancient city of Le Mans, France.

This site hosted by EarthLore has many examples of Gothic art and architecture including some beautiful stained glass windows.

This brief look at Medieval architecture has some great photos. It was created by Prof. Michael Markowski at Westminster College in support of his world history curriculum.

The Internet Cello Society hosts a music page with lots of listening examples. Click on "Gregorian Chant" to hear the type of music heard in Gothic cathedrals during the Middle Ages. RealAudio plug-in required.